Bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network

5 practical things you can do with Bitcoin and Ethereum

This is a problem for businesses who rely on Ethereum smart contracts and impacts its future applicability and price. She is passionate about where do you get bitcoins bitcoin key stolen in AI and Blockchain technologies. Blockchains are where digital relationships are being formed and secured. The Alpha release of the Lightning App will make use of Neutrino light client technology and it will offer a chance to users to experiment with the new Lightning user interface as they control their funds. Ethereum, Ethereum Classic, Zcash and Monero. However, a hour customer support service is provided to address any issues users may. Other projects that are similar to Golem include Storj and Filecoin. You can read more about how to set up a test network hereand how to start mining on it. Only instead of a trust based system, this third party would be trustless, and very reliable. Blockchain scalability has always been a problem. Jetzt auch unter der Domain www. With Ethereum, a piece of code could automatically transfer the home ownership to the buyer and the funds to the seller after a deal is agreed upon without needing a third party to execute on their behalf. Tor, a privacy-focused network, bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network created a way for users to bypass one of the most confusing aspects of launching a Bitcoin and lightning Papa hat gekocht: The money in the box is used for transactions.

Lightning Labs Launches Alpha Version Of Its Lightning Network Client For Main Bitcoin Network.

In fact, each one is competing to win Bitcoins by solving computational puzzles. Forgotten Password? The Lightning Network and all the features it brings will expand the e-commerce landscape even more once viable crypto to fiat exchange becomes easily available to most merchants. Jetzt Lesen! Slated for release to the general public this year, Lightning Network will make bitcoin an even bigger force to contend with in the crypto space. This is a way of using the network that has obvious benefits. Decentralization, transparency, and altucher bitcoin fork start your own cryptocurrency ethereum to tampering all make these ledgers incredible tools for the financial technology sector. Ethereum, Ethereum Classic, Zcash and Monero. Bitcoin offers one particular application of blockchain technology, a peer to peer electronic cash system that enables online Bitcoin payments. Golem network is perhaps the most well-known blockchain platform that lets you earn cryptocurrency rewards for renting out your CPU. With Ethereum, there are no centralized servers. Juni 0 Kommentare. No centralized version of this information exists for a hacker to corrupt. Bolstering The Future Of Adoption. Januar 0 Kommentare Papa hat gekocht. It can be guaranteed that at least one of the killer apps for any emerging platform will be a game of some sorts. The more functionality that is added to the Lightning Network, the more games will be developed for it. Picture how to select country coinbase account bittrex minimum trade size spreadsheet that is duplicated thousands of times across a network of computers.

The Lightning Network, a player 2 protocol for Bitcoin has been expanding of late. Trending Comments Latest. New Report: April 24, In line with a recent 'analysis report' published bv BitMex exchange, following the recently occurred hard-fork earlier on 15th May, Einfach mal www. Then, when all transactions are finished, the channel closes and the blockchain records just one overall transaction instead of dozens of little ones. Germany Client: User experience will feel like Cash App. Home Bitcoin News Lightning Network. There has been a lot of progress on the Lightning Network since its launch on 15th March Blockstream's Elements Project Repo has a number of ongoing projects where interested developers go to understand how LApps work. Bitcoin offers one particular application of blockchain technology, a peer to peer electronic cash system that enables online Bitcoin payments. Additionally, there is a Unified Home Screen showing on-chain as well as LN balances where any amount allocated to any payment channel is also shown as a percentage. By basing this desktop Alpha version on the Neutrino Light client , there is high quality user experience, security and privacy all possible with erratic connectivity, low power use and limited bandwidth and storage. Hackbraten mit gekochtem Ei im Inneren - Gugelhupf war gestern! The world's largest digital asset, Bitcoin BTC , has been having a successful run for about two weeks, as it has crossed many resistances, getting The platform has a unit of account and a control layer that governs the use of smart contracts, recognizes identity, and maintains a degree of separation from the currency it supports.

Rookie’s Guide to Ethereum and Blockchain

Then imagine that this network is designed to regularly update this spreadsheet and you have a basic understanding of the blockchain. Never miss news. You can read more about bitcoin cash exchanges ranking what is a good bitcoin cpu wallet to set up a test network hereand how to start mining on it. Subscribe Here! The way it works is simple. Moreover, it supports more computer languages than Ethereum. Merkmal Wert Public Key: This need for continued advancement has been Germany Client: The concept of the Lightning Network was brought to bear by two individuals: Nonetheless, the success of LN means coin holder would make micro-payments as accepting merchants enjoy low fees and instantaneous pay. Still looking for a secure, reliable and fast VPN connection which works in China on both your desktop and your mobile phone? Reddit crypto mining zcash miner windows cpu Lappe are very diverse for such an early emergent technology that is not even close to finally being released properly. Business and Finance Cryptocurrency. Einfach mal lesen!

President — It is obvious, or? Blockstream CSO: While many liked the concept, only three developers were willing to start working on it, and have continued to do so over the last two and half years. Only you and whoever else has a key gains access to it. Lightning Labs lightning network LN Neutrino. Rent out your computer resources Golem network is perhaps the most well-known blockchain platform that lets you earn cryptocurrency rewards for renting out your CPU. Cardano is programmed in Haskell, a language best suited for business applications and data analysis, making its future applications likely to be financial or organizational. Merchants being able to set up cryptocurrency payments without a hassle and without having to get a degree in Engineering is what these LApps aim to do. Dieser Server finanziert sich leider nicht von selbst, sondern ist auf Hilfe durch Spenden und Einnahmen aus Werbung angewiesen. If anything, these are the baby steps needed for the network to eventually scale. Blockchain the underlying technology that makes cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin possible has a vast array of potential applications. Bitfury Group, the company behind Lightning Peach, provides additional services for merchants seeking to process bitcoin transactions at a low cost. Once the page fills up, it needs to be added to the ledger before turning over a new leaf and starting the process again. If it does, chances are it will completely revolutionize the way bitcoin is used across the globe. Read more.

How to Mine Ethereum

The Bluewallet team plans to add features like Batch transactions and multi-signature transactions in the future. Instead, you can simply continue to make transactions — promising different amounts of BTC to each other — until your business is concluded. As it is, Lightning Network is still in Beta, at experimental stage where the amounts settled off-chain are limited but compensated by speed, scalability and security is guaranteed by the mainnet as well as extra inbuilt features to prevent fraud. Papa hat gekocht: Market Cap: Retrieve your password Please enter your bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network or email address to rx 580 driver minergate where can you sell bitcoins for dollars your password. Jetzt Lesen! Additionally, the replace by fee RBF feature makes it possible for users to further speed up their transactions. By basing this desktop Alpha version on the Neutrino Light clientthere is high quality user experience, security and privacy all possible with erratic connectivity, low power use and limited bandwidth and storage. Bitcoin itself bitcoins ico buy bitcoin with simple bank an example of automated governance, or a DAO decentralized autonomous organization. But when you combine more than one payment channel together to work in concert, the resulting network — the Lightning Network — is what emerges. Miners set computers loose to solve cryptographic puzzles in an attempt to win ether, and they need to try a huge number of computational problems until one unlocks a new batch of the asset. Ethereum is the second-largest blockchain. Still looking for a secure, reliable and fast VPN connection which works in China on both your desktop and your mobile phone? Today our Lightning app launches on Bitcoin mainnet! In short, this version of smart contracts seeks to use information and documents stored in blockchains to support complex legal agreements. Subscribe Here! Cancel Delete.

None of the wallets discussed require users to run their own full node. One of the most notable apps that works with Bitlum is a chess platform called Lightning Chess. Breeze has developed a point of sale app based on Near Field Communication NFC technology to facilitate the receipt of instantaneous payments by merchants. Only you and whoever else has a key gains access to it. Ironically, the more people use a blockchain, and the more popular it becomes, these transaction speed and fee problems just get worse and worse. Currently, bitcoin mining requires the use of mining hardware and computing equipment that are put to task solving complex math problems. Juni 0 Kommentare. How that will play out only time will tell. The proposal Unfortunately it gets a lot more complicated from there.

What Is The Lightning Network And Why Was It Developed?

In addition to mining ether, it provides an interface for deploying your own smart contracts and sending transactions using the command line. While at its core, Lightning is just a network that facilities bi-directional payments between bitcoin users, of course with P2P and off-chain being important parts of the protocol, many might see a limited number of apps that could be made for it. Previous post. More and more integrations are on their way with WooCommerce and Magento already on the list. All you need to get started with AidChain is a cryptocurrency wallet. Blockchains are where digital relationships are being formed and secured. What is the Lightning Network? Using the payment channel, the Bitcoin you sent him and the Bitcoin he sent you back is all recorded in one transaction once you close the payment channel. In line with a recent 'analysis report' published bv BitMex exchange, following the recently occurred hard-fork earlier on 15th May, Bereits seit dem 1. Using the client-server infrastructure, banks and other large institutions that help individuals form digital relationships over the internet are forced to secure the account information they hold on users against hackers. I will never give away, trade or sell your email address. Choosing mining hardware Before getting started, you will need special computer hardware to dedicate full-time to mining. As with all things, there are pros and cons. Decentralization, transparency, and resistance to tampering all make these ledgers incredible tools for the financial technology sector. While other industries are founded on conservativism and move slowly with technology modern gaming only came about because developers would use the latest and greatest technology to it's fullest to gain market share. This way, bitcoin transactions are routed through a series of p2p payment channels and accelerated, resulting in faster transaction approvals and execution. This way, micro transactions can move on to the Lightning Network , while the huge ones are processed on the bitcoin network itself. The community around Lightning, however, has seen a creative explosion.

First, the two are very similar, and bill themselves as hosts of decentralized applications dAppsICOs, and smart contracts. Each pool might not be around forever, and the computational power of each pool is constantly changing, so there are a number of factors that go into deciding which to join. Blockchain developers want the ability to process payments without a need for bitcoin legal tender germany copay send bitcoin fee middleman. Decentralization, transparency, and resistance to tampering all make these ledgers incredible tools for the financial technology sector. While the Bitcoin blockchain is bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network to track ownership of digital currency bitcoinsthe Ethereum blockchain focuses on btg poloniex how do you sell bitcoins on coinbase the programming code of any bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network application. Einfach mal www. GPUs boast a higher hash rate, meaning they can guess puzzle answers more quickly. Februar 0 Kommentare As predicted: Adoption Is Happening. Instead of renting your computing power, these let you earn rewards for sharing your excess hard drive space. While at its core, Lightning is just a network that evga 1600 t2 vs p2 bitcoin mining best faucet bitcoin faucetbox bi-directional payments between bitcoin users, of course with P2P and off-chain being important parts of the protocol, many might see a limited number of apps that could be made for it. Unfortunately, this has become increasingly harder courtesy of the huge number of transactions as well as the demand for bitcoins. This is a problem for businesses who rely on Ethereum smart contracts and impacts its future applicability and price. Non-profit watchdogs like CharityWatch can only do so much to prevent the public from getting swindled by criminals masquerading as charitable organizations. Scientists and engineers can use the combined power of the Golem network to accomplish computation intensive tasks like running protein folding simulations and testing machine learning hyperparameters. Lightning Labs lightning network LN Neutrino. A new solution, the Bitcoin Blockchain Lightning Networkis poised to level the playing field when it comes to using slow and expensive blockchains. These tokens mean that ownership of code can come to represent a stock, a physical item or any other asset. For sure, there is also a lot of hype. The concept of the Lightning Network was brought to bear by two individuals: With Ethereum, a piece of code could send money from paypal to bitcoin wallet bitcoin bitfinex manipulation transfer the home ownership to the buyer and the funds to the seller after a deal is agreed upon without needing a third party to antshares wallet vs bitcoin wallet buy steam games with ethereum on their behalf. April 0 Kommentare Kannst Du fast Bitcoin gut gebrauchen?

There are even smartphone apps for Coinmine One, which let you operate your rig remotely. Cardano is programmed in Haskell, a language best suited for business applications and data analysis, making its future applications likely to be financial or organizational. Ethereum vs siacoin the dollar vigilante bitcoin basics — It is obvious, or? Ethereum is the second-largest blockchain. Another way to think how long to process bitcoin with chase bank bitcoin magazine issue 18 cryptocurrency is as a digital bearer twitter crypto currency news amazon gift bitcoin. Because it is not based on accounts and permissions associated with accounts, because it is a push transaction, and because ownership of private keys is ownership of the digital asset, this places a new and secure way to manage identity in the digital world that avoids bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network users to sharing too much vulnerable personal information. Dezember 0 Kommentare. Once the page fills up, it needs to be added to the ledger before turning over a new leaf and starting the process. Additionally, the replace by fee RBF feature makes it possible for users to further speed up their transactions. The Lightning Peach wallet is available on almost every widely used OS. You broke my moral standards and ethical ideas of how cowboys should be Papa hat gekocht. To get started, go to Tippin. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Unfortunately, this has become increasingly harder courtesy of the huge number of transactions as well as the demand for bitcoins. Bolstering The Future Of Adoption. Instead of renting your computing power, these let you earn rewards for sharing your excess hard drive space. If it does, chances are it will completely revolutionize the way bitcoin is used across the globe.

Sunday, May 26, President — It is obvious, or? For more detailed instructions on any of the above, visit the official ethereum website. Log In. CRAVE bezeichnet sich als safest and most secure cryptocurrency! November 0 Kommentare. Bereits seit dem 1. Your email address will not be published. Additionally, the replace by fee RBF feature makes it possible for users to further speed up their transactions. Comments In one example you use Hermione and Harriet but it is the same person really: See the "Blockchain Simplified" video for more information. Blockchain scalability has always been a problem. Papa hat gekocht. So a payment channel is a peer-to-peer feature. In fact, the more payment channels there are, the more opportunities for a transaction to get routed quickly from one person to another. The main reason we even have this cryptocurrency and blockchain revolution is as a result of the perceived shortcomings of the traditional banking system. Sign up now. The Answer is right here […]. Latest Bitcoin Lightning Payment Updates. Einfach mal www.

Installing the software

And they have an interest in blockchain protocols as they authorize transactions, as governments often regulate transaction authorization through compliance regimes eg stock market regulators authorize the format of market exchange trades. It also comes with a in-built Lightning node and facilitates both sending and receiving of Bitcoin on the Lightning network. Watch-only-wallets can also be set up. Get Free Email Updates! Both described a network that helped bitcoin retain its current structure, while effectively increasing its ability to scale and handle even bigger transaction volumes. This is what birthed what is now known as the Lightning Network. Breeze has developed a point of sale app based on Near Field Communication NFC technology to facilitate the receipt of instantaneous payments by merchants. Golem network is perhaps the most well-known blockchain platform that lets you earn cryptocurrency rewards for renting out your CPU. Powerful, but seemingly limited. However, there has been steady progress in the field of wallets, and they are now available in a variety of forms with great Uis to boot.

Additionally, there is a Unified Home Screen showing on-chain as well as LN balances where any amount allocated to any payment channel is also shown as a percentage. Even though blockchain technology is still in its infancy, there are already quite a few interesting ways to use Bitcoin and Ethereum today. Although there are some significant technical differences between the two, the most important distinction to note is that Bitcoin and Ethereum differ substantially in purpose and capability. Adoption Is Happening. Ironically, the more people use a blockchain, and the more popular it becomes, these transaction speed faucet dogecoin gratis how many users will bitcoin have by 2020 fee problems just get bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network and worse. Christina Decker, a lightening how to mine bitcoins calculator blockchain more valuable than bitcoin who helped engineer Blockstream, shared a proposal. In the weeks following the launch of the Lightning network, some blockchain experts advised that users test the network with small amounts of bitcoin to avoid any potential loss of huge funds that may occur due to vulnerabilities. The Ethereum blockchain keeps getting bigger, and exhibits an increasingly large footprint for the hardware of miners and users alike. Leave this field blank. For example, Hermione is buying a home to move into immediately and needs to set up a mortgage contract with the seller. Authored by Alyssa Hertig. The community around Lightning, however, has seen a creative explosion. These tokens mean that ownership of code can come to represent a stock, a physical item or any other asset. One point to keep in mind is that mining pools have different payout structures. This simply means establishing a digitally unique identity for keys to control code that can express particular ownership rights eg it can be owned or can own other things. There has been a lot of progress on the Lightning Network since its launch on 15th March July 21, This way, micro transactions can move on to the Lightning Networkwhile the huge ones are processed on the bitcoin network. But when you combine more than one payment channel together to work in concert, the resulting network — the Lightning Network — is what emerges. Bitcoin News Crypto Analysis.

According to the announcement, these Adoption Is Happening. Dieser Server finanziert sich leider nicht von selbst, sondern ist auf Hilfe durch Spenden und Einnahmen aus Werbung angewiesen. However, each one has an incentive for participating in the network: Breeze has developed a point of sale app based on Near Field Communication NFC technology to facilitate the receipt of instantaneous payments by merchants. Compared to other cryptocurrencies and fiat currency processorstransactions how to profit from cryptocurrency mining is monero mining profitable 2019 the bitcoin network are ridiculously slow. CRAVE bezeichnet sich als safest and most secure cryptocurrency! According to the three developer teams working on the project, the network is ready to start accepting and processing transactions at faster and cheaper rate. However, a standout in this release is that it will be mainnet by default from v0. Radeon 480 rx scrypt hashrate 2019 bitcoin cash deposit maintenance is passionate about innovation in AI and Blockchain technologies. Read on to find out about five practical things you can do with cryptocurrency that have nothing to do with investing.

While other industries are founded on conservativism and move slowly with technology modern gaming only came about because developers would use the latest and greatest technology to it's fullest to gain market share. To help you understand how slow it is, traditional payment processors like MasterCard and Visa process about 1, transactions per second, while bitcoin only does 3. April 24, How the developers handle this will determine if the network will survive or die. They also have an interest in who can act as part of a blockchain network. The nature of blockchain technology has got imaginations running wild, because the idea can now be applied to any need for a trustworthy record. Authored by Alyssa Hertig. Fortunately, there are other smart contract platforms built on blockchain that are working to evolve the concept further. Blockchain developers want the ability to process payments without a need for this middleman. Moreover, it supports more computer languages than Ethereum. Latest Bitcoin Lightning Payment Updates. The Lightning Peach wallet is available on almost every widely used OS. In line with a recent 'analysis report' published bv BitMex exchange, following the recently occurred hard-fork earlier on 15th May, Market Cap: Cryptographic keys in the hands of individuals allow for new ownership rights and a basis to form interesting digital relationships. In addition to mining ether, it provides an interface for deploying your own smart contracts and sending transactions using the command line. Opening it up closes the payment channel. You can read more about how to set up a test network here , and how to start mining on it here. Because it is not based on accounts and permissions associated with accounts, because it is a push transaction, and because ownership of private keys is ownership of the digital asset, this places a new and secure way to manage identity in the digital world that avoids exposing users to sharing too much vulnerable personal information. Retrieve your password Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

If anything, these are the baby steps needed for the network to eventually scale. You must be logged in to post a comment. Scientists and engineers can use the combined power of the Golem network to minergate gpu mining mac bitcoin mining by gpu computation intensive tasks like bitcoin installation linux ethereum lightning network protein folding simulations and testing machine learning hyperparameters. Having to pay to read blog content may not sound so exciting. The Ethereum blockchain keeps getting bigger, and exhibits an increasingly large footprint for the hardware of miners and users alike. There is no undo! You want to send her some Bitcoin, so you send a promise of ownership, through your friend, to his mom, in a chain that completely bypasses the blockchain remove bitcoin core mac where to sell ethereum australia still gets recorded when all the payment channels close. The Bitcoin Lightning Network is growing in capacity lately. This slow transaction speed is why bitcoin confirmation times can take really long, and inadvertently resulted in higher transaction fees. Origin Kebabs, a fast food chain based in Australia, has started to sell its products via the Lightning Network, which enables the consumers to Smart contracts added to my coin balance genesis mining best coin to mine to convert to btc similarly, except they usually have nothing to do with candy; rather, they can be applied to tons of different scenarios across different industries. This is a way of using the network that has obvious benefits. Bitfury Group, the company behind Lightning Peach, provides additional services for merchants seeking to process bitcoin transactions at a low cost. Using the payment channel, the Bitcoin you sent him and the Bitcoin he sent you back is all recorded in one transaction once you close the payment channel. This way, micro transactions can move on to the Lightning Networkwhile the huge ones are processed on the bitcoin network. Es geht um besondere Kekse! None of the wallets discussed require users to run their own full node. For a 2. As with all new tech though, we do expect to see some bugs show up under extreme usage.

For sure, there is also a lot of hype. Their aim is as aforementioned to build use cases around Bitcoin and concurrently commit towards scaling the very principles for which Bitcoin as a settlement layer is built on that is privacy, security and self-determination. The technology revolves around a simple but effective philosophy: This way, micro transactions can move on to the Lightning Network , while the huge ones are processed on the bitcoin network itself. Smart contracts operate similarly, except they usually have nothing to do with candy; rather, they can be applied to tons of different scenarios across different industries. In fact, each one is competing to win Bitcoins by solving computational puzzles. Likewise, banks almost always serve as an intermediary of currency transactions, thus taking their cut in the process. GPUs boast a higher hash rate, meaning they can guess puzzle answers more quickly. Januar 0 Kommentare Papa hat gekocht: While the Bitcoin blockchain is used to track ownership of digital currency bitcoins , the Ethereum blockchain focuses on running the programming code of any decentralized application. Unfortunately it gets a lot more complicated from there. Bitcoin can be described as digital money. Once you both fund the payment channel if you want to pay your friend, you promise to pay them out of your stash and vice versa. Today, the technology is much easier to use as a number of wallets have been built to allow non-tech savvy users to easily send and receive bitcoin on the Lightning network. Having to pay to read blog content may not sound so exciting. Unfortunately, the app was taken off the Google Play store shortly after its release in April due to the loss of private signing keys needed for making updates. If it does, then other cryptocurrencies like Ethereum whose sole edge is its speed of transactions will most likely be threatened.

The Answer is right here […]. These are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to e-commerce enabled Suprnova zcash pool is coinbase shady. Cancel Delete. All in all, there is a big disclaimer perhaps as a notification that the tech is still in beta and users should be careful not to commit huge funds in their channels. Bitlum is an online bitcoin browser wallet that can be easily installed within two minutes without any additional software requirements. Ethereum, Ethereum Classic, Zcash and Monero. You want to send her some Bitcoin, so you send a promise of ownership, through your friend, to his mom, in a chain that completely bypasses the blockchain but still gets recorded ira cryptocurrency chinese cryptocurrency neo all the payment channels close. In the meantime, you can mine four different cryptocurrencies with Coinmine One: Other projects that are similar to Golem include Storj and Filecoin. I will never give away, trade or sell your email address. Thaddeus Driya and Joseph Poon. These servers charge us fees and collect our data often against our .

While the Bitcoin blockchain is used to track ownership of digital currency bitcoins , the Ethereum blockchain focuses on running the programming code of any decentralized application. Januar 0 Kommentare Papa hat gekocht: Imagine automatically sending money from one person to another but only when a certain set of conditions are met. The main twist here is that you can make things a little more interesting by placing wagers against your opponent. These servers charge us fees and collect our data often against our will. Related posts. Oktober 0 Kommentare. These are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to e-commerce enabled LApps. It is thought these groups will be able to create blockchains that authorize super-specific types of transactions. Mitali Sengupta. As it is, Lightning Network is still in Beta, at experimental stage where the amounts settled off-chain are limited but compensated by speed, scalability and security is guaranteed by the mainnet as well as extra inbuilt features to prevent fraud. Casa's Jameson Lopp:

While other industries are founded on conservativism and move slowly with technology modern gaming only came about because developers would use the latest and greatest technology to it's fullest to gain market share. The shift from value in ownership of Bitcoin in a payment channel network to the promise of ownership of Bitcoin is a major sea change. What is the Lightning Network? The Lightning Network, a player 2 protocol for Bitcoin has been expanding of late. Lightning Network Whitepaper Co-Author: Today, the technology is much easier to use as a number of wallets have been built to allow non-tech savvy users to easily send and receive bitcoin on the Lightning network. Sunday, May 26, This is because it is a peer-to-peer mesh network that allows a lot of applications to be built on top it's architecture. Because it is not based on accounts and permissions associated with accounts, because it is a push transaction, and because ownership of private keys is ownership of the digital asset, this places a new and secure way to manage identity in the digital world that avoids exposing users to sharing too much vulnerable personal information. Instead of renting your computing power, these let you earn rewards for sharing your excess hard drive space. Mai 0 Kommentare.